Nesting

They are one to two broods per year. They breed in the spring and build a nest deep cup-shaped on high trees. In captivity, the female will choose a high place, away from moisture.

This nest is made of rootlets, twigs, lichen, moss and spider webs, feathers and down. Between April and June, the female will hatch 3-6 bluish eggs, spotted with small black dots or lines red-brown for 11 to 13 days. The breeding often begins after laying the third egg. Only the female incubates, fed on the nest by the male. The male helps the female to feed the young leave the nest two weeks old.

In captivity banding should be made to the fifth day. They will be autonomous in 4 weeks. Young people of both sexes resemble the adult female.

Read more »

The Hygrometer and Thermometer Canaries

I installed a hygrometer and a thermometer in my room kennel is very convenient, especially when breeding. The moisture content will allow me to know if I should spray the eggs or not, to facilitate hatching. The thermometer will inform me if I have to raise the temperature in the room using a small electric heater.

The humidity characterizes the degree of humidity of moist air (or relative humidity), and is measured with a hygrometer.

The hygrometer is the most simple hair hygrometer, which uses the property of horse hair or human hair to lengthen or shorten proportionally when the relative humidity varies. The longer hair is about 2% when the humidity (relative) varies from 0 to 100% For the record, blond hair are more sensitive to changes in humidity that brown hair. It also uses the PBO (gold beater skin) that has similar properties and is based beef intestine.

A thermometer is a device used to measure temperatures. This is the area of ​​study of thermometry.


In fact, a thermometer measures its own temperature (that of his party is used to measure). This temperature is that of the environment if there is thermal equilibrium between the thermometer and the environment.

This means, for example, that if a thermometer is exposed to the sun, it will be warmer than the air, and this temperature difference will depend entirely on its color and its breakdown, so that a temperature measured under these conditions is entirely fanciful in relation to air temperature. (That's why meteorologists measure temperature in ventilated shelter.)

Temperature measurement can be based on the expansion of the body (solid, liquid or gaseous), or any other physical property (electrical variations in the case of the thermocouple, the color of light emission for high temperatures, etc..) Depending the temperature. This general principle is implemented in many different ways as needed (to measure temperature ranges, type of materials to study, etc.).. The usual liquid thermometers are mercury thermometers and thermometers alcohol.

The thermometers are multiple applications, meteorology, medicine, for control in industrial processes, etc..

Units of measure

There are thermometers gives temperature measurements in the three major systems: Celsius, Kelvin, Fahrenheit. However, it should be noted that the unit of reference is the kelvin, used in the international system.

Source: Wikipedia

Read more »

The diffuser of Pyrethrum

This is an automatic device that broadcasts on a regular basis and a flexible dose of pyrethrum in your local natural plant breeding. A diffuser for about 20m ² of living.

The plant Pyrethrum is a natural biological insecticide that has two unique qualities:

    Rapid destruction of flying and crawling insects: flies, mosquitoes, fleas, mites, ants, wasps, mites, red mites, lice ... gray.
    Potent repellent against flying and crawling insects

So it destroys all insects entering a room, including mosquitoes that can carry smallpox and lice (red and gray) which inhibits the proliferation and thus promotes their elimination.

If it is very effective on insects and parasites, natural pyrethrum is recognized as safe for humans and warm-blooded animals.

How is the distributor of Pyrethrum?

The photos attached gives you a clear overview of the design of this device which is not very heavy.

Description

A timer connected to an electro-mechanical valve, activated at a given time interval spraying natural pyrethrum, specially developed for this broadcaster.

Instructions

The broadcaster uses 2 x 6LR22 alkaline 9-volt supplied (lifetime 9 to 12 months depending on usage). It is designed to rest on a support (supplied) or hung on a wall or a cage and / or cage so that the head of the aerosol (cartridge) or to the bottom. Screw the aerosol (cartridge) until the end of the phase of impact of the aerosol. Set the frequency of spraying the cursor to 3 positions (8, 15 or 25 minutes). For my part I have set to 25 minutes. Turn the switch to "clock" or "bright room" as you choose. Mine are set to "clock" for operation from the dark. A photoelectric cell detected light intensity. And in daylight the camera, without touching it, does not work.

The volume of the cartridge as attached photo is 400 ml. Its lifetime is about 2 months for operation continuously with spraying every 25 minutes.

Supplier

•     SIMAB (contact: Ms. Barbara LOOCK or Mr Philip LOOCK)
•     Z.I. of Septic
•     Saint-Witz
•     40,014 BP
•     SEPTIC 95471 CEDEX
•     Tel: 01 34 68 64 64 - e mail: simab@wanadoo.fr

Price: Diffuser with two 9-volt batteries: 54.60 euros - Pyrethrum Cartridge 400 ml: 14.05 euros. Delivery charges for orders from 100 euros.

What is the natural Pyrethrum?

This is a product derived from plants, specifically chrysanthemum flowers, grown mainly in Kenya to climatic conditions and geographical features (alternating rain and sunshine; culture at the equator, between 800 and 1600 meters )

It is also known as the Pyrethrum plant

Mode of action of natural Pyrethrum

From the first contact with the Pyrethrum, most insects are immediately paralyzed. This property makes essential use of an effect in "knockdown" (effect of deadfall) is sought. The Pyrethrum blocks the nervous system, preventing the muscles from working. The paralysis of the respiratory system causes inevitable death and ultra fast flying and crawling insects.

Additional power of Pyrethrum against insects, they s'existent the first contact with this substance and accelerates their movements, in spite of themselves and increase contact with the insecticide.

Properties of natural Pyrethrum

•     Fast acting: it is an enzyme that paralyzes the central nervous system of cold-blooded animals, while providing no tolerance or resistance possible (unlike other insecticides against which insects have developed a natural immunity over generations)
•     Repellent
•     Knockdown effect (deadfall
•     Spectrum: The natural pyrethrum has a neurotoxic action on all cold-blooded animals (insects, fish, snakes, etc ....). Caution, avoid placing it in a room where an aquarium.
•     Negligible toxicity
•     Biodegradable: The Natural Pyrethrum is biodegradable, the effect of air, sunlight and moisture. This is an important consideration for the environment and for indoor use.

Thank you once again to George for allowing me to include his article on the diffuser Pyrethrum on my blog.

Read more »

Habitat Canaries Cage

A canary can be accommodated in several types of structures: a cage, a small aviary, an outdoor aviary ... For each structure, certain rules must be respected to ensure that the canary or (s) to feel better about their environment .

Cage and Accessories

Before talking about the subject, it should be a small dot on the location plan. Two factors must be taken into account: the canary is an animal sensitive to air flow and also the change in brightness and also the cage will generate dirt (splashing water, sand or seeds). We must find the location before you buy the animal and the cage.

•     The canary should be placed in a sunny room but too near the window for not too cold in winter and hot in summer die.
•     It also requires that where the cage will be installed is easy to clean and not fear splashing water (remember to properly protect the varnished wooden tables for example).
•     Some parts are to be avoided like the bathrooms or kitchens because moisture and vapors (eg cooking) can be toxic to canaries.
•     If the part is installed where the bird is lit in the evening after the sun for several hours (as the living room for example), think to cover the bird cage so he can sleep a After the sunset. Most birds and canaries are particularly sensitive to the length of the light: for too long a period of brightness throughout the year will tend to tire the body.

The Cage

The cage is the home of your canary. There must therefore be protected from the dangers and find the space and everything he needs to live. A cage is not necessarily a beautiful object but above all a place to stay for canary.

The first important thing for the choice of the cage is that it must be rectangular and especially longer than wide. The canary is a bird who loves flying and flying in the longitudinal direction only. He can not fly in the direction of the height as budgies for example. Now, choose the appropriate size to the number of individual: if it has only one canary in a cage 60 cm long, 40 cm wide, 50 cm high for a couple (especially if plans to reproduce them) a cage 90 cm long, 40 cm wide, 50 cm is suitable.

The second important thing in choosing the cage is the choice with non-horizontal and vertical bars. The explanation is simple: the canary flies in length if the bars are horizontal, they run the risk of jamming legs between the bars. Moreover, canaries, unlike birds beak hooked, do not like climbing up the bars of their cage. So why we must prefer a cage with vertical bars.

The last element to consider is the bottom of the cage. Indeed, the cage should be cleaned often and therefore you will often be required to remove the bottom for cleaning. Therefore, it is best to choose something that is practical and easy to remove. In addition, you should also consider the dirt that can cause bird cage. Plus the background is less deep dirt out of the cage. You can also choose to put safeguards around the cage to avoid splashing of seeds and sand.

Perches

Perches are the elements where the bird will land outside the cage base. He will also ask them to do that, it will also be used to groom and take off to fly more easily. It is therefore essential that the perches are appropriate and cleaned regularly. Their number will depend on the size of the cage and will seek to limit their number to keep plenty of space flight for the bird. For a cage 60x40x50, two perches placed in the width direction are sufficient.

Wood or plastic, hollow or not, the diameter of the perches should be between 1.5 and 2 cm, the bar is necessarily round.

The perch should not be placed too close to the walls of the cage to prevent the bird crashed plumage and especially tail rubbing on the bars.

Perches should be cleaned often and for low perches, we must think of cleaning the inside to prevent the proliferation of parasites. A little trick is to put some anti lice in the hollow perches and ensure that no lice will come to nest there.

ABOVE: Never install frosted holster on perches! These utensils are sold in pet stores, allow a so-called "natural wear and indispensable claws and beak of birds." This is totally wrong for canaries! First, the site of the leg of a bird on the perch, these cases are not in contact with the claws, but mainly with the legs. They also are a source of frequent accidents and problems: the grains of sand can get caught between the scales of the legs and create infections, the party has blasted abnormal wear of the scales of the legs causing sores and cuts more or less important and finally, for birds that have become accustomed to rub their heads on perches for their toilet, they may experience swelling in the eyes as well as localized patches of eczema instead of friction.

The Drinkers

There are several types of drinkers: fountains, watering traditional drinkers bottle.

For a cage, it is best to choose a classic watering fountains because generally require to be placed on the floor and then fill with dirt (remnants of seeds, cage base ...) that will pollute the water birds.

There are several different capacities at the troughs, it is for everyone to choose according to the present number of canary in the cage. It should be noted that the water must be changed every day and also cleaned the watering every day. For cleaning, use a rinse bottle is the tool best suited to the shape of the trough.

Today, most drinkers are plastic (which is very convenient for cleaning and for use) but there are also glass and, in this case, it is important to verify that the parts in contact with the birds are not sharp or simply damaged.

It should also indicate the presence on the market trough "anti algae" (the part containing the water is blue transparent) which reduces the growth of algae and micro organisms that can grow in standing water.

The Feeders

There are several types of feeders: feeders group, individual feeders, buckets.

Feeders group are more recommended for large cages. For a conventional cage, feeders and individual wells are more suitable. On some cages, the location of the feeders and the feeder is planned inserted from the outside. In other cases, the openings are not provided, choose feeders that can hang on the inside. Individual feeders are usually closed on top and offers a space more or less reduced to the bird to eat.

Feeders "economic" are on the market: they are feeders with a very specific form that prevents the bird to play with seeds and does not allow him to sort his food, he eats the seeds of which it necessarily takes hold. These feeders have many positive aspects: respect for a balanced diet, less loss of seeds, less dust on the seeds, less than projections of seeds or seed hulls. The only drawback is that the canary likes to choose its seeds and do not eat the same seeds throughout the day. It is up to each manger to see what works best by testing yourself.

The buckets are small boxes that hang inside the cage. The buckets are convenient and useful to provide foods that do not need to be present continuously in the cage or to be changed regularly (as for breeding mash) They come in all sizes and all colors. They must choose according to what one wants to put in and in what quantity.

The Bath

Utensil essential for your pet to maintain clean, the tub is an important accessory. There are baths indoor or outdoor. For a cage, it must focus on outdoor bathtub because it is easier to put on and remove.

The grid separation

It is not strictly spoken a cage accessory but can be very useful. When choosing a cage for a couple, we must also think they can for various reasons having to be separated (fighting, disease, withdrawal of small ...). This is the grid separation occurs. It is always best to take it if it is sold as an option with the cage. Otherwise you can use a piece of wire, being careful that the edges are not sharp for the birds.

The Fund Cage

This is not strictly speaking an accessory to the cage but it's actually something that will allow you to maintain your pet's cage clean. There are several systems cage base:

•     Do not put anything (but that means every day to clean the bottom of cage)
•     A newspaper that it will change at least 2 times a week
•     Sand anise (with or without newsprint)
•     Sandy disinfected (with or without newsprint)
•     Rodent raids
•     Treated wood shavings
•     Ground cover anticoccidiose
•     White or gray gravel

Each cage base has its advantages and disadvantages: the sand brings anise crop and gravel needed for calcium with the pieces of shell, by cons is easily thrown out of the cage and clinging to the legs of the bird after the bath. It's the same for each system bottom cage. It is up to each test and adopt the system most suited to its use.

However, it must follow two rules: the bottom of cage should be cleaned regularly, whatever the system chosen and the bottom of cage should not make too much dust that could be harmful to birds.

The limestone block

The block limestone, cuttlebone and grit (mixture of sand, cuttlebone and coal) All three aim to provide calcium for canaries. This calcium can also come from the bottom of cage (sand anise) but this is necessarily sufficient for the needs of the bird. It is therefore imperative to leave available all year cuttlebone and / or limestone block.

As for the grit, it is essential if one does not use a cage base with sand or fine gravel. Indeed, to grind the seeds in its crop, the canary needs to ingest small pebbles or grains of sand that will enable then to digest the seed.

Written by Florianne

Read more »

Construction of an outdoor aviary

It is important to prepare the ground and the foundations of the aviary, both to stabilize and to protect it from rodents. You may be required to use a casing to hold the soil when you dig the base. Keep the lawn you have for later use in the outer parts.

Below the ground, you can use cinder blocks, but on the surface, the bricks are more aesthetic. Think of climbing walls, overlapping the bricks for the structure is solid. Maybe you'll need the services of a professional mason.

There are models of aviaries very different from each other. In the case below, the bottom panel is open to provide additional protection for non-destructive birds, finches and small type exotic birds. A space was also provided for the security gates.

Bolt the different panels, but do not place the doors until the entire structure is in place at the base. Due to the size of the structure, it takes two to get the aviary.

Arrange for the lock fits the best overall. If the plates of translucent plastic used to cover the aviary are connected to a gutter system, you can collect rainwater in a cistern.

Do not neglect security. By equipping the outer door of a combination lock, you will not need to key each time you visit your birds. Have a lock inside the two doors so you can close them well after entering the aviary.

Read more »

Seed germinator

The seed propagator can easily be sprouted seeds to germinate say. It is made in the case of five containers.

The first container starting at the top, lets get the water that can be discharged. Namely, that we must fill up until 1 cm below the rim.
The three transparent containers containing the sprouts.

The last container harvest the water has drained.
This is the type of seed to germinate you can use, I use a mixture of seeds from Beyers composed as follows:

•      shuttle
•      rape
•      hemp
•      Niger
•      white lettuce
•      wild seeds
•      Kadjang
•      white Dari
•      sorghum extra
•      white millet

I found this sprouter (Bioset) in Trudobird the price of 11 € 95 for those interested.

Read more »

True Light Neon Arcadia, for healthy birds

Why is a lamp designed specifically for birds?

Unlike humans, birds see ultraviolet light that is part of the spectrum of natural daylight. The bird needs the UV for reproduction and feeding - a bird without UV is a bit like a man who sees in black and white, or worse. Even in black and white, man is able to recognize the sex of its congeners. By cons, some species of birds require UV to differentiate males from females.

If the bird lives in a house, it is necessary to provide an ultraviolet light. A normal household lighting is not enough. In addition, most home systems are changing the natural color of the bird. The Arcadia Bird Lamp has been specifically designed to provide the level of UV to properly showcase his true colors.


    Excellent development of natural colors and iridescent birds.
    2.4% UVB and 12% UVA for optimal well-being.
    Stimulates appetite and improves behavior.

What is a full spectrum of light?

By full spectrum, we mean a balanced light across the spectrum, including ultraviolet light segment. Most fluorescent tubes include three bands present three energy peaks corresponding to the three colors that your eyes perceive. Thus, to the human eye, the light tube is maximized helpful and seems very strong. These peaks are not necessarily perceived by the eye of the bird, which implies, of course, the absence of UV. The true full spectrum tube offers a balanced spectrum, because the spaces between the three-band fluorescent peaks are filled with a light emitted from a mixture halophosphate. In addition, UV-emitting phosphors were added and they represent about 15% of the lumen. The proportion of UVA and UVB in these phosphors is respectively 12 and 2.4%.

The overall color of the light tube should be as close as possible to that of natural light, which is 5500 K. At 5600 K, Lamp Arcadia is very close to this value. For birds, the color temperature should not exceed 5800 K. A spectrum with too much blue bird produces mainly female. For this reason, avoid using aquarium lamps for birds. A full spectrum of light must also reproduce the exact colors. This is what the lamp Arcadia, with a Class 1A specification.

The importance of a full spectrum of light

Poor quality of light affects the oculoendocrinien cycle (light for the pituitary and pineal gland), and this seriously affects the health of the bird. Misdirected light can be a source of agitation, pulling feathers, general weakness, behavioral problems and metabolic disorders.

Synthesis of vitamin D3

Vitamin D3 is necessary for birds for normal growth of their bones. Many animals can synthesize vitamin D3 from sunlight through their skin. More precisely, it is the UVB spectrum that allow this synthesis. Birds can not synthesize vitamin D3 in the same way because their skin is covered with feathers. In most birds, the blood brings pro-vitamin D3 in the oil gland, which concentrated in glandular secretions. These are then applied to the feathers during lubrication and are therefore exposed to UVB. The bird then swallows the material exposed to UV light, when it is smooth again, and the oil enters the body in the form of provitamin D. The liver and kidneys transform vitamin D3 then.

To what extent the vision of the bird is different does that of man?

The retina of the eye contains cones which, when stimulated by different wavelengths of light, transmit the color information to the brain. In humans, there are three types of cones that allow us to perceive the three primary colors: red, green and blue. This is what is called trichromatic vision. The combination of these allows us to perceive colors literally thousands of different colors. Birds have a fourth cone type, which is sensitive to ultraviolet light, so they can perceive four primary colors, the extra color being that of UV. This is what we call a vision tétrachromatique. In humans, ultraviolet light can not pass through the lens, but the bird does not have this problem. The latest research has shown that some birds can see up to five primary colors (that is to say have a vision pentachromatique) and are able to differentiate between two wavelengths of UV different.

The effect of light on birds

Birds perceive light in two ways. First, by the eye. The retina of the eye is able to provide information on the intensity, color composition and polarization (direction) of light. This information travels in two directions: to the brain via the optic nerve to the pituitary and also by a special journey. Birds have a different way of perceiving light, a special gland that surrounds the eye, called the Harderian gland. This gland measuring how long a bird receives light, called photoperiod, and transmits this information to the pineal gland. The pituitary and pineal gland are both regulators of the endocrine system and they act on the whole metabolism of the bird. To ensure that the health of the bird is best, you must turn on the lights an hour after sunrise and one hour off before nightfall. For this, it is recommended to use a timer. It preserves the natural annual cycle of daylight and natural conditions corresponding to the reproductive cycle of the bird and, therefore, the development cycle of feathers. The catch bird know that it is possible to artificially induce certain behavior by extending the photoperiod from 14 to 16 hours. In most cases this should be done gradually. If this method fails, a sudden increase sometimes produces the desired effects.

The importance of UV for the bird

A bird living in a house is bound to UV. Indeed, the windows filter the ultraviolet rays of light coming from the outside. In addition, normal domestic light sources do not emit UV. It is therefore essential to add an ultraviolet light, which is why we created the Arcadia bird lamp. Bird feathers reflect UV light. The reflection of the plumage plays a key role when birds choose their partners during mating. The presence of UV therefore promotes reproduction. Birds such as blackbirds, the human eye perceives as black, appear multicolored birds. This is the same case with white birds. The perception of UV plays a significant role in the selection of food. The ripe fruits and berries appear in a different color for a bird. Pollination requires the reflection of UV that helps the bird to land on the flower. What a bird sees affects its appetite. The reds are redder and greens are greener thanks to UV. A bird that refuses to feed UV needs to stimulate his appetite.

The UV orientation

The perception of UV is used by birds to orient themselves. With the polarization of light, a bird is able to know where the light comes. This allows it to move properly during its flight.

Retrieved Arcadia

Read more »

Canaries Air Purifier and Ionizer

Within a room, the pollutants are many different sizes. Air purifiers are designed to reduce exposure to these pollutants, they correspond to chemicals or allergens. These devices can be classified into two groups according to the method of filtration, mechanical or electrical. To remove toxic gases and odors, it is necessary to use other techniques, particularly absorption on activated carbon or some crystals (commonly used for water filters).

Air purifiers have filters mechanical performance vary widely. The decision of the particles can be made by sedimentation (deposition on a filter based on weight) by impaction (meeting of a fiber filter) or by diffusion (deposition of small particles due to random movements). Some devices called "ionizers" have electrodes that produce negative ions. The particles that are suspended in the air are charged with negative ions and are thus attracted to all surfaces positively charged. These devices must have collection plates of sufficient size, if the particles are deposited on the walls or on different objects in the room. Some devices combine the two systems.

• Choosing an air purifier unit must consider several factors
•     The volume of the room where the purifier will be used
•     The airflow of the unit
• It must be sufficiently high, above 200 m3/hr. Most devices have different filtration rates.
•     The noise level of the device
• The noise level is proportional to air flow. It is about 50 decibels for the filtration rate is higher.
•     The type of filter

To be effective against allergens, studies have shown that it is necessary to use a device with a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air), made out of fiberglass. This type of HEPA filter has a filtering capability of 99.97% of particles 0.3 microns. The air purifier is often equipped with pre-filters that extend the life of the HEPA filter by stopping the larger particles. The air cleaners fitted with charcoal filter will act on odors (tobacco for example). The électroprécipitateurs also demonstrated efficacy of treatment with cat allergen.

    The size and weight of the unit

Apart from a professional, it is best to choose a device not too large, easily transportable from one room to another.

    Ease of maintenance

The presence of a filter change indicator is desirable. Progressive obstruction of filters causes a drop in the flow of filtered air and appearance of unfiltered air leak on the sides of the filter. Some devices include washable pre-filter, a source of economy. HEPA filter replacement is expensive, but its lifetime is greater than one year. Regarding the électroprécipitateurs, maintenance of collection plates must be guided by a charge indicator. The collection cup should be cleaned regularly, otherwise the charged particles will bind to the different objects in the room, then back into the dust. The ionizers are more fragile than filter devices, especially at the electrodes emitting negative ions.

A number of scientific studies confirmed the effectiveness of air purifiers for exposure to allergens in the workplace. In terms of habitat, these devices are only effective when combined with other means of environmental control. When used, it is also important that the various issues (doors or windows) are closed.

The choice of ionizer will depend on the room volume (area in m2 multiplied by height). It will also depend on the place where it will be possible to place the ionizer. Indeed, if the ionizer can be placed in the center of the room (such as a desk in the center of the room), it should take the ionizer corresponding to the volume to be processed. By cons, if the ionizer can not be placed in the center of the room (for aesthetics), it is better to have 2 or 3 less powerful ionizers. The idea would be to retain a kind of sphere of action ... if the sphere is close to the wall, there is only a half-sphere ...

We will also select the ionizer according to what is expected of him. It goes without saying that the choice of ionizer will not be the same if a room or high-traffic and smoke and a bedroom ...

Indeed, the ions will travel a shorter distance in the first terms as they will encounter more positive ions ... It will then often better to install 2.3 to see some 4 ionizers arranged harmoniously into the room for the optimal result.

Metal parts also reduce the effectiveness such as metal cabinets sometimes present, or a metal table.

If it is not possible to have the ionizer in the center (approximate) of the room, two less powerful ionizers are preferred.

From the website: Association Asthma and Psychologist

Read more »

Essential oil diffuser

Called essential oil (or sometimes plant essence) the concentrated liquid and hydrophobic volatile aromatic compounds of a plant. It is obtained by distillation or chemical extraction solvent (water, alcohol, etc.).. Contrary to what the name implies, these extracts may not be oily.

"Product fragrant, generally of complex composition, obtained from a raw vegetable botanically defined either by steam distillation of water or by dry distillation, or by a mechanical process without adequate heating. The essential oil is most often separated from the aqueous phase by a physical process involving no significant change in its composition. "

It is a mixture of various molecules, including in particular terpenes (non-aromatic hydrocarbons) and oxygenates (alcohols, aldehydes, ketones).

Obtaining essential oils is done either by entrainment of water vapor in a distillation process or by dry distillation or by cold expression (zest). In the latter case, some ambiguity exists in the name of essential oil. According to the AFNOR, use the term gas while the French Pharmacopoeia and European Pharmacopoeia use the term essential oil. The term essential oil has been selected by experts in pharmacognosy. The amount of essential oil in plants is still low, sometimes very low or negligible. This explains the high cost of essential oils, it is related to the rarity and not the extraction process remains the same for most plants. Sometimes it takes several tons of plants for a liter of essential oil. There are different methods of extraction (often chemical), but for aromatherapy, only a few provide a good quality final.

Administration method of essential oils

Atmospheric scattering: This is the easiest to use. But only use a special diffuser that allows a micro spread, no incense burner that alters the essential oils by heating. Do not let the air diffuser permanently active. Ten minutes per hour is quite enough.

In canaries

It is good to use some essential oils that can purify the air in your piece of farming.

I use the following oils:

    20% of Eucalyptus Radiata
    20% of Lemongrass
    20% of Balsam Fir
    20% of Lavender Fine
    20% of Geranium Rosat

The diffuser is connected to a controller that broadcasts for 15 minutes every 3 hours
apdcanari

Read more »

Canaries Dimmer Besser Elektronik Gold Star - Manual

INSTALLATION

Installation of bed-dawn simulator is simple and trouble-free, but requires, as all units subject to a supply voltage, the observance of certain rules:

•     Connect the system to an electric (220V 50Hz), consistent with current standards, equipped with earth.
•     Do not take powers above those recommended for each outlet <2> <3>.
•     Do not open, whatever the reason, the container of the simulator. Inspections and repairs must be performed by qualified personnel only.
•     Protect the simulator from moisture and heat. The simulator can not be used outdoors.
•     Do not apply neon lights in the decision for filament lamps (taken <3>).
•     Replace the fuse with one type having the same characteristics as that provided by the manufacturer.
•     Do not place the simulator in confined spaces in order to be able to dissipate the heat that emanates light.

The product has a warranty of 18 months from the date of purchase, provided the installation conditions outlined above are met.



TIE-IN

•     Set the simulator RG3000 vertically oriented window, using calipers that are on the bottom of the container.
•     Connect the incandescent lamps taking <3> (600W maximum).
•     Connect the neon lights in decision <2> (1000W max).
•     Connect the simulator to the power line (220 Volts 50 Hz).
•     Interuptor turn the ON / OFF <1>.
•     Press the button RESET
•     Wait at least 1 minute before you start programming

    After that, you can proceed with the instructions provided in paragraphs 4 - 5 - 6 and so on. Meanwhile, regardless of your program, the program will start automatically and pre dawn light up the neon lights.

SET TIMES

•     Press the button <9> (the LED signal lights).
•     Press the button <5> or <6> to set the current time (display 24 hours).
•     Press the button <9> (the indicator light turns off signaling).

SETTING EARLY DAWN

•     Press the button <10> (the LED signal lights).
•     Press the button <5> or <6> to setting the desired time (24 hours display).
•     Press the button <10> (the indicator light turns off signaling).

REGLADE EARLY SUNSET

•     Press the button <11> (the LED signal lights).
•     Press the button <5> or <6> to setting the desired time (24 hours display).
•     Press the button <11> (the indicator light turns off signaling).

Points 4 - 5 - 6 can be changed at any time by simply pressing the appropriate button <9> <10> <11> and by acting on the push <5> <6>.

DURATION OF THE DAWN AND SUNSET

Using the graduated knob <13>, it is possible to set the time of dawn and sunset.

•     0 = 2 minutes of dawn and sunset.
•     5 = 30 minutes of sunrise and sunset.
•     10 = 60 minutes of sunrise and sunset.

For intermediate values, use of the interim figures.
SETTING NIGHT LIGHT

It is possible to use incandescent lamps used to generate the dawn and sunset as night light (moonlight effect). This is useful when you do not want the lighting does not drop to zero (total darkness) overnight.

The user can adjust the light intensity from '0 '(night light off) and '10' (intensity 75% of the incandescent lamp used), graduated through the handle <15>. It is possible to set and see this function only during night hours (between the end of a sunset and the beginning of a blade).

If, for whatever reason, you must enter during the night hours, in breeding, without panicking the birds, press the button <7>, night inspection. This will result in a rapid dawn of approximately 1.5 minutes on incandescent lamps. Then, the neon light up and remain lit for the time of your arrest in animal husbandry. When you exit, press the button again <7>, and the lights go down with a pre-determined about 20 minutes.

During the day, the pusher <7> is automatically disabled by the system.

LIGHTING CONTROL

The handle graded <14> is used to adjust the sensor.

Position '0 'is at least the sensor's sensitivity. Therefore, the neon lights (only during the time between the end of a blade and the beginning of a bed) will be lit (LED off).

If the natural light that filters through the windows at certain times of the day is sufficient, you can adjust the sensor to save a few hours of artificial lighting by addressing the following way. When you consider sufficient sunlight, turn the handle graded <14> slowly from '0 'to larger numbers until such time as the neon lights go out (LED display on). Now make shadows with your hand on the sensor: the neon lights will light up (LED off). By removing the hand of the sensor, turn off the neon lights (LED signaling lights). If it was not the case, turn the handle graded <14> a little to the larger numbers and try again.

The setting is thus completed, the neon lights turn on automatically when ambient light falls below the programmed on and off automatically when the light reaches or exceeds the programmed threshold.

For a perfect setting, it is essential to the conduct in sunny day, never in cloudy days and being careful not to come between the source (window) and the sensor.

AUTOMATIC EXTENSION AND REDUCTION OF THE DAY

The change in day length in breeding, in addition to the buttons <10> and <11> in manual mode, can also be performed in automatic mode using the button <12> as follows. To extend the day, press the button one time <12>, the green LED lights up, so the day goes on '6 'minutes per day, in other words, the dawn will begin '3' minutes before and bedtime begin '3 'minutes later each day.

The past days to hours of light considered optimal from you again press the button 2 times <12>, the LED will be off and the hours of light will remain stable. When the breeding season ends and you wish to decrease the length of days, press the button 2 times <12>, the yellow LED stays on and the days begin to decline by '6 'minutes per day, of other words, the dawn begins '3 'minutes after sunset and '3' minutes before each day. After hours of light with desired, press again, once the button <12>, the yellow LED turns off and the hours will be stable.

You can see the display and change (if any) at any time, the time of the early morning and early to bed, respectively, by pressing buttons <10> and <11>.

Variation in the duration (+6 / -6) AUTOMATIC EXTENSION AND REDUCTION OF THE DAY

•     Upon completion of the program as stated in the instruction manual, the timer is set to 6 / -6.
•     To set +6 / -6, hold down the <12> until both lights come on at the same time.
•     The display shows the indication that is 03.00 that day longer or shorter than 3 minutes at dawn and 3 minutes at sunset (6 minutes total).
•     Press <5> (-) or <6> (+> until you reach the desired minutes.

Example 1: If you press the <5> (-) until you reach the indicated 02.00 the day lengthens or shortens to 2 minutes at the beginning and 2 minutes at sunset (4 minutes total).

Example 2: If you press <6> (+) until you reach the indicated 3.20 day longer or shorter than 3 minutes at dawn and 3 minutes at sunset ( 6 minutes total) for 2 days and 4 minutes at dawn and 4 minutes at sunset (8 minutes total) for one day, and this will be repeated during the following days.

The programmer has memorized the second and after a minute he reached forward to programming.

    Press <12> to turn off the lights, while the current time reappears on the screen.
    Press <12> to select 6 / -6 logically the day lengthens or shortens the number of minutes you have selected.

PERIOD PHOTO

It is possible to enter the public photos that period when we do not use the functions 6 / -6 and vice versa.

PHOTO TIME function is very useful to be able to vary (extend, shorten or transfer) the hours of light allowing us to create or follow pre-existing tables. With our system you can at any time of the year into a useful table to facilitate the reproduction or the singing and the birds will have no stress from abrupt changes in hours of illumination, which as we know can sometimes be fatal.

Example: If you set the timer on a morning at 9 am and sunset at 18 hours, and you want in 90 days or dawn at 7 am and sunset at 22 hours, it will be scheduler which will divide the hours minutes or seconds that vary daily so that after 90 days dawn and sunset coincide with those desired by the breeder.

How to?

•     Press Photo Period <16> (LED lit), the LED will light day at the same time and appear on the screen indicating 0001.
•     Press <5> or <6> and set the days on the screen you want.
•     Press OK <17> to confirm the arrival dawn hours LED will turn on automatically and the screen will appear indicating 0001, press <5> or <6> until the desired setting for dawn after the days previously been made, press OK <17> to confirm the hours led sunset arrival will turn on automatically and the screen will appear indicating 2222, and pressing the < 5> or <6> until the time chosen for the sun after days previously been made, press OK <17> to confirm.

The current time will reappear on the screen and only the LED will remain lit picture period.

After the day set at the beginning of the programming, photo function automatically interlocking period, however, having settled dawn and sunset on the desired values.

You can leave at any time period picture function manually by pressing the <16> and turning off the LED, the hours of dawn and the sunset to stop those violations of the time of interlocking manual.

NOTES

In case of lack of power-supply, the simulator does not lose any programmed function for 24 hours. Once electricity is restored, he returned immediately with a blade about 1.5 minutes fast, to turn immediately neon (this happens only during the phase logically day).

Using the push RESET you can cancel all previous programs so that they can do it again.

During the period of non-use of the controller, leave the system plugged into the outlet and on, unplugging the catch of neon and incandescent only (power consumption, in this case, the programmer will be insignificant and preserve the battery reserve).

Unit Size: 21 x 10 x 6 cm.

MANUFACTURER
BESSER ELECTRONIK
Via Brescia, 13
26029 Soncino (CR)
Tel: 0374 83395
Fax: 0374 83395

Read more »

The ASM or The Art of Hand-Reared

The ASM itself is practiced by saw to tame fun (especially for the hooked beaks) but often also for birds such as canaries for which we have an obligation to practice because of the vagaries of life (small not fed by the parents or brood and surplus real difficulty for parents to feed all these people enough. We may use a ASM and avoid unnecessary losses.

Food for livestock are mainly Handmix Orlux from home to home and Nutribird A21 Versele-Laga, these preparations can bring food or supplement already given by the parents so as not easily see them die.


Many to this day, farmers hooked beaks (exposure to birds) that feed by hand, we get the birds and very tame.

Previously, we used all kinds of "compositions house", but the nutritional value of these mixtures was unknown and generally very unbalanced. Today, we can use products made scientifically, among other Handmix Nutribird and to raise young birds so simple.

Most breeders and amateurs as they must resign themselves to raise hand to prefer food with a syringe into the mouth. You can also use a syringe equipped with a sensor that allows a crop to inject directly into the crop. This technique requires some skill and experience on the part of the person practicing it. No addition is required in the use of these products, all the nutrients needed for optimal development are contained in the paste farms.

Indeed, these products contain lactobacilli and digestive enzymes. Lactobacilli are part of the natural flora of the crop of parents who send them when feeding their young. The presence of lactobacilli and digestive enzymes in the mash miracles promote the growth of small and especially digestion. Many breeders and it becomes routine for many of us control the evening all the young in the nest, they check if the small ruffles are filled for the night, if this is not the case for chicks with a low growth relative to other conspecifics, farmers are further so it is useful to have at home and in anticipation of death, these products on hand.

Read more »

Preparing For Breeding With Bleaching OCEMYCINE

It should start 8 weeks before the first egg that can be estimated in late March if it is the couplings around 15 March.

This is the period most suitable when using natural light whose duration is clearly increasing in light of the season.

This is the method I use but others can advance these dates by doing artificial lighting in their local programmed to gradually increase the length of day and have thus, nesting in February or even January.


Before describing my preparation program I have a point about how to prepare OCEMYCINE.

OCEMYCINE is sold in bottles of 12 grams or 3 grams.

3g vial: Dissolve the contents in 250 ml (1 / 4 liter) of water. (Solution 1)
Bottle of 12 g: Dissolve the contents in 1000 ml (1 liter) of water. (Solution 2)


The resulting solution (1 or 2) used at a dose of 5 ml (1 teaspoon) per 250 ml (1 / 4 liters) of drinking water to be renewed every day to the birds.

The resulting solution is then given to the refrigerator after each use. This solution will keep all its properties for a month by holding it in the fridge.

My preparation for reproduction

The laboratory VIRBAC OCE indicates that the treatment of reproductive Océmycine to be lavished for a month before mating.

For my part I always found that this treatment was too long for an antibiotic especially for a bird that weighs 20 to 25g. No human, to my knowledge, is treated with antibiotics for a long period.

So I decided to make this money on two (2) weeks each spaced two weeks.

1st week: Océmycine daily for 7 days
2nd week: A mixture of drinking water Oceproven (probiotic) + vitamin complex for 7 days (or Omnivit Nekton S)
3rd week: Pure Water
4th week: Océmycine daily for 7 days
5th week: A mixture of drinking water Oceproven (probiotic) + Vitamin E + Calcium (Calci-lux or calcivet), every day.
6th week: A mixture in the drinking water of vitamin E + Calcium (Calci-lux or calcivet), every day.
7th week: Same as the sixth week
8th week: Same as the sixth week.


Therefore, considering the date of March 15 for mating, the program of preparation shall be initiated between 15 and 18 January.

Also note that from the fifth week, the mash will be served twice a week.

Article by Georges

Read more »

Learn More About Eggs

In sexual reproduction, the egg is the first stage of the life of an individual. It's a cell, after fertilization of an egg (female gamete) (that is to say the merger with a male gamete: sperm for animals or pollen to plants). This cell grows by successive divisions to form the embryo.

The original and still in common parlance, they called the whole egg formed the organization that develops before birth and its protective environment. Indeed, in birds, reptiles and monotremes, the female surrounds the egg shell, hard or flexible depending on the species. It also gives the name to an unfertilized egg.
The egg is a single cell, which is distinguished from others by its size, not very often microscopic.
Animals that lay eggs before they hatch are called oviparous. In other animals, the egg hatches in the matrix, before spawning, this is called ovoviviparous.

Oligolécithe (oligos, few): Egg yolk average level. Segmentation is subequal.
Centrolécithe: egg whose yolk is concentrated in the center. This egg is found in arthropods. Their nuclei are slightly eccentric due to the presence of yolk in the form of small granules in the cytoplasm. The size of these eggs is approximately 100 nm in diameter.
Hétérolécithe (heteros, other): This term refers to eggs with the yolk is distributed unevenly, causing an unequal segmentation (in amphibians).
Télolécithe (τέλος telos, end, aim, whole, complete): Egg characterized by a considerable amount of yolk located at one pole. Segmentation is only the territory located near the animal pole. This segmentation produces a blastula-shaped disc (blastodisc), floating on the yolk reserves (the "yellow" of the egg).
Alécithe (a private deprivation, denial): Egg characterized by a low volume of yolk. The blastomeres resulting from the segmentation (equal) will be substantially equal.
Egg shells

Birds are the only animals that lay eggs spotted. Several functions have been attributed to this pigmentation, such as camouflage in the eyes of predators. Toutetefois, we encounter the same pigmentation in birds whose eggs are completely hidden in the nest.

According to Andrew GoSL and colleagues (Institute for Ornithology Edward Grey, Oxford), these tasks play a role in the robustness of the shells. Indeed, by studying populations of great tits in areas where resources vary in calcium, they have established a relationship between tasks and the thickness of the eggshell. Thus, the thickness is generally lower in places showing the tasks to darker, but the eggs laid in environments rich in calcium are less stained than those areas where this resource is not available.

These tasks consist of protoporphyrin, a molecule produced during the synthesis of heme (a component of hemoglobin). However, this molecule could, to some extent, play a role in the structure of the shell. Indeed, the infrared protoporphyrin returns, avoiding water loss, it also shows a structure close to the solid lubricant s (as graphite), allowing for better shock absorption.

For birds, these tasks could also give an indication of the degree of fragility of the eggs, especially by exposing sensitive areas.

From the website: Wikipédia

Read more »

Reproduction - Instructions - Progress

In spring the spawning period begins. It is best to choose a couple in the fall because the birds have finished molting and can take the time to meet during the winter. You have to put the couple in a separate cage with a grid or a partition, the male on one side, the female on the other. The male sings with passion and enthusiasm is the way he express his desire for the female is on the other side of the wall. For its part, the female shows that she appreciates the court waving his wings against the cage, chirping softly, and she shows her desire to prepare the nest for breeding. It is time to remove the grill and let the two love birds free. After such a strong desire to be reunited, sometimes the first reaction of canaries, intimidated, or avoided by standing some distance from each other, or even argue. But peace was soon made, we see the kisses exchanged, food that the male is in the beak of the female, which accepts it.

The coupling
The female canary becomes nervous and often heard her cry for help. She is in constant motion, flaps its wings, flying from perch to perch. While the male sings constantly and feeds his mate. He courts her by running a dance called 'Parade'. The coupling itself is next and lasts one to two seconds. The female squats on its perch, the male jumps on his back, his tail around the female's cloaca and the press against it.

The Nest
There are several commercially kinds of nests, plastic, metal or clay, to hang in a corner of the cage, this is done, it will have on the floor pieces of cotton wool or son, that the female can carry them in her nest to make it warmer and more comfortable. This is necessary even if in practice, the nest, as arranged, is ready for eggs. The preparation of a layer is an instinctive activity which can not be deleted. Nest building can last from two days to a week. At the end, exhausted the female lays at the bottom of the nest and lay down, the timing of egg laying has come.

Read more »